Polyethene Essays - Commodity Chemicals, Packaging Materials

Polyethene Polyethylene otherwise called polyethylene or polythene, was the first of the polymers to be found. Polyethene is a polymer created by responding oxygen what's more, ethene, in this response the little ethene atoms join together to frame long chain polymer atoms. This procedure is known as expansion polymerisation. Polyethene in our present reality has numerous utilizations, a portion of these are: ? moldings-plastic jugs, covers and tops, various sorts of compartments. ? films-happy wrap and different plastic sacks. ? link covers different channels and protecting wire and links As you can see polyethene has an enormous assortment of both household and modern uses, this is genuinely great when you see that polyethene has as it were been around sense 1933. Polyethene is a thermoplastic material which is regularly depicted as wax-like it is amazingly extreme and is has a superb concoction opposition. It is additionally less thick than water and is the most straightforward polymer, these ascribes lead to polythene being an amazingly helpful substance. Ethene (C2H4), is a basic hydrocarbon particle which comprises of 2 carbon molecules and 4 hydrogen iotas. Ethene's primary use is in the creation of polythene yet it is one of the most broadly utilized petrochemicals on the planet. Ethene is an unsaturated drab gas which can be touched off within the sight of oxygen. The following is a chart of ethene: Polyethene is created by permitting the free meandering ethene gas atoms to bond together to frame long chain polyethene particles. All together for this to work an impetus must be utilized, an impetus is a substance that can adjust the pace of a compound response without experiencing any concoction change itself. During this procedure a large number of ethene particles attach to from each atom of polyethene. Polyethene is basically a lot of ethene atoms reinforced together to shape a chain, these chains can regularly extend up to numerous multiple occasions longer than the first ethene atom. The following is an outline of polyethene: Albeit ordinarily ethene monomers have little fascination for each other, yet the polyethene atoms have a solid fascination for each other. When polyethene atoms are pulled in and bond high-thickness polyethene is shaped, in this manner polyethene is either shaped by low-thickness or high-thickness polymerisation. Ethene can experience the procedure called polymerisation because of the way that it is unsaturated and in light of the fact that it has a twofold security between its two carbon molecules. Both High-thickness and low-thickness polyethene have various employments. Low-thickness polyethene is utilized in the creation of items, for example, different sacks, plastic bottles, stick wraps, and protecting links. Low weight polymerisation with the utilization of specific impetuses; has implied that the procedure of polymerization can be accomplished at genuinely low weight (20 climates or 2000 kPa) and at temperatures of around 100?C. The reactor itself contains a polyethene bed set on a punctured plate. It works by permitting the reused gas to enter close to its base, the gas at that point goes through the plate and pushes up through the bed making it bubble. At last the impetus changes over the ethene to polyethene, once the polyethene is cooled it frames a fine powder called 'lighten' which is at that point gathered and shipped to a capacity canister. Any ethene gas which has not responded goes through a blower and afterward a cooler, and is prepared once more. High-thickness polyethene is utilized to deliver things, for example, covers, tops, containers, bowls and enormous holders, for example, trash receptacles. These polyethene items are made in what is know as high-pressure polymerisation, this is a procedure that was initially utilized before low-pressure polymerisation was found and accordingly it is a genuinely straightforward procedure. Right off the bat Ethene gas is packed and melted, from here it is siphoned into a huge reactor at a weight of up to 2660 atmospheres(266 Mpa). Among this oxygen and peroxides are siphoned in to start the polymerisation response. This procedure produces an immense measure of heat so the most unpredictable piece of the framework is the cooling offices. The numerous results of polyethene which are most regularly utilized are commonly fabricated utilizing any of these five distinct methods Extrusion - film, this procedure is utilized for the creation of things, for example, plastic packs, for example, trash sacks and happy wrap. These are the most widely recognized applications, while there are numerous others these are the best instances of this method. This last item is accomplished by blowing air into a container of liquid plastic this considers amazingly fine layers of the plastic to frame. Blow forming, this is utilized to make plastic containers and some engine oils. This strategy is a lot of like the past

Change and the World Changes for You free essay sample

OPPapers. com Research Papers and Essays for All †¢ Join †¢ Login †¢ Writing Service †¢ Help †¢ Question? 888-442-7499 †¢ Follow Us on Twitter †¢ Join †¢ Top of Form [pic] Bottom of Form Get Better Grades Today By Joining OPPapers. com and Accessing Over 470,000 Articles and Essays! show signs of improvement grades Change And The World Changes For You †¢ Home Pageâ » †¢ Miscellaneous Research Papers Change And The World Changes For You CHANGE AND THE WORLD CHANGES FOR YOU! The renowned social laborer THE MAHATMA of our nation said a celebrated maxim BE THE CHANGE THAT YOU WISH TO SEE IN THE WORLD for us to follow. Change won't come on the off chance that we hang tight for some other individual, or on the off chance that we are sitting tight for later we are the ones for whom we were hanging tight for, we are the change that we look for. One man is sufficient to cause an unrest on the planet; MAHATMA compressed his musings in a solitary saying. We will compose a custom paper test on Change and the World Changes for You or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Being an ordinary individual one can become MAHATMA in life which not exclusively be a zenith for there life yet in addition for this world. Mother Teresa said only i can't change the world however can cast a stone which can cause numerous waves in the water†, even one commitment can lead this world above and beyond towards progress. Each an each individual in this world thinks uncontrolled towards Is this paper accommodating? Join OPPapers to understand more and access in excess of 470,000 simply like it! getâ betterâ grades world yet not with another expectation and point which the world needs. The coming age assumes a vital job in changing the world for a superior leaving for which we have to roll out an improvement in the earth. The coming age ought to be a dynamo to roll out an improvement in this world. Regardless of from where we are and what we do yet we can generally change and become a superior adaptation of our self. A small change today can make a drastically change tomorrow. Every single individual in this world needs to go through awkward Tran meetings to put this world in a superior position. Implications 1. Maxim precept or saying 2. Follow stand 3. Abbreviate to abbreviate by utilizing for less words 4. Summit the most elevated purpose of accomplishment 5. Untied erratic 6. dynamo-an exceptionally vivacious individual Read Full Essay Already a Member? Login Now  » This exposition and more than 470,000 different papers are accessible now on OPPapers. com. Put together by: farha15 †¢ Date Submitted: 08/25/2011 07:01 AM †¢ Category: Miscellaneous †¢ Length: 2 pages (303 words) †¢ Views: 244 †¢ Rank: 480 †¢ Report this Essay †¢ Save Paper †¢ Related Essays †¢ b. f Skinners Waldo Two †¢ Women Who Changed The †¢ The Power Of One: One †¢ How Did World War 2 Change The †¢ The Changing World Of Women †¢ Climate Change And World †¢ How Did World War One †¢ Japan Changes From †¢ Wwi-Wwii Events That †¢ How The Hippies Changed †¢ How Our World Is Changing †¢ These Teachers Change The Literacy In An Ever †¢ Pope John Xxiii: a Partner †¢ Changing The World †¢ Brave New World As Huxley †¢ Tesla And Iter Will Change †¢ Printing Press And a †¢ 5. Innovation Changes The †¢ What Were The Causes And †¢ The Impact Of Information †¢ Climate Change, Coral †¢ Changes In The Working †¢ How Changes In Technology †¢ How To Change The World †¢ Internet: Technology Which †¢ Death Of a Salesman And †¢ How Did The First World †¢ How Does Cranes Explain †¢ Realism Vs. Optimism: How Peruse Full Essay Already a Member? Login Now  » Reviews (0) Grade No evaluations Be the principal individual to assess the paper! Login to review this record. RSS  ©2011 OPPapers. com Help †¢ About Us †¢ Our Blog †¢ F. A. Q. †¢ Contact Us Other Stuff †¢ Legal †¢ Site Stats †¢ Sitemap Saved Papers Save papers so you can discover them all the more without any problem! Join Now Get moment access to more than 470,000 papers. Join Now Recent Topics †¢ Segmentation Of †¢ Discuss The †¢ Leisure Time †¢ Electronic Media †¢ Management Function †¢ The Absurd Thomas Nagel

Marketing Philosophy and Strategy Research Paper

Promoting Philosophy and Strategy - Research Paper Example The examination ends affirm that while, mechanical progressions, for example, the Contemporary Marketing Practice (CMP) structure, Hybrid Distribution Systems and Demand Change Remediation have altogether helped the adequacy of showcasing rehearses, moral and legitimate issues, for example, concerns with respect to buyer online protection and focusing on youngsters by means of advertising endeavors despite everything should be tended to. The paper additionally surveys the item dispatches of Sony BetaMax, Colgate Kitchen Entrees and Pepsi-Kona to decide the difficulties in new item advancement in the promoting scene of today. Advertising Philosophy and Strategy The dynamism of the promoting scene requires an extensive comprehension of the issues and concerns identified with the improvement of new items and the effect of the worldwide economy on the showcasing reasoning and system of a business. The reason for this examination paper is to utilize the discoveries of earlier writing and academic articles to look at the difficulties that are engaged with the improvement of new items consequently, evaluating the effect of mechanical progressions in helping the exertion of new item advancement. Moreover, the paper conducts broad examination into earlier writing to satisfy the goal of tending to the legitimate and moral ramifications of advertising endeavors. ... items is exceptionally persuasive, with the end goal that the instability of the overall business condition reaches out to the individual attributes of purchasers including examples of utilization which increment the requirement for associations to participate in rehearses that energize the formation of items that can interest the particular tastes and inclinations of the objective market. In their article, Ogawa and Piller (2006) feature the difficult that is related with the commercialization of new items that has prompted the stunning disappointment of over half of new item dispatches. Absolutely, the crucial test being looked by organizations in the economy of today is an inability to perceive the necessities of clients (Chaturvedi and Rajan, 2000; Ogawa and Piller, 2006). Examination into the disappointment of Pepsi-Kona, the dispatch of which was basically roused by Starbuck’s triumph in resuscitating the declining interest for espresso proposes that Pepsi didn't attempt powerful promoting testing and proceeded with the dispatch of the drink despite the fact that underlying outcomes didn't anticipate a fruitful item dispatch (D. Pitta and E.Pitta 2012). Ogawa and Piller (2006) note that creating deals estimates and expected deals volume for new items is turning into an exceptionally testing task, this thought basically attests that the exactness and accuracy of deciding client needs and making deals gauges during the all-encompassing period that is preceding the advancement of new items is an imperative test. As indicated by Jhang et al. (2012), broad item advancement during the procedure of new item improvement and choices in regards to mark expansion must be finished once the item is lined up with the buyer item classification desires, items such Colgate Kitchen Entrees and Cosmopolitan Yogurt

English “Speak” Essay - Free Essay Example

Alex Volkov Per. 3 English â€Å"Speak† Essay Melinda escaped her tough times by going to her art class. She was assigned to draw and sculpt trees. Her art had a really strong connection with her personal feelings throughout the book. Melinda goes through tough times and her problems show in her art. In her first phase (the confused phase) she really isn’t sure of her art assignment. This is similar to her life, because on her first day of high school she wasn’t sure of what clan she was going to be in. She is just getting used to her tree making assignment in art class. Also as she starts high school she is just getting used to how things work. The scariest period of Melinda’s art was the â€Å"dead period†, where all of the trees she made looked dead or dying. This is the most traumatic part of the story because here Melinda’s spirit starts dying. Some big examples are her constant truancies, her in school suspensions, her lack of words, her falling grades, and her lack of respect for authority. Melinda really doesn’t care about her life here and it shows through her art. Her final stage is the feelings stage, where she really lets her feelings pour into her art giving her a much better project. In this part of the story she tells Rachel that she got raped. She shows her feelings, when throughout the entire story she never could. This stage is the climax of the story and is where Melinda really shows that she is going to make it through this difficult time. Finally at the end of the book Melinda makes her masterpiece and overcomes bad times and heals. Symbolism-Trees In art class, Melinda learns how to express her emotions. Her art teacher, Mr. Freeman explains, â€Å"Art without emotion is like chocolate cake without sugar. It makes you gag. † He helps her to communicate her emotions through art instead of keeping them inside of herself. The tree is symbolic of Melinda’s personality and life and is one of the main things that helps Melinda cope with her emotions in the novel. It also provides a way for Melinda to deal with the rape. Throughout the novel, Melinda little by little becomes better at drawing the tree, which is symbolic of her search to find her identity and her emotional recovery. In the beginning of the novel, Melinda feels dead, so she focuses on dead trees. She comments, â€Å"I can feel the wind blow and hear the mockingbird whistling on the way back to her nest. But when I try to carve it, it looks like a dead tree, toothpicks, a child’s drawing. I can’t bring it to life. † She is able to visualize what she will be like when she can be more open but is not able to fully make the change yet. She also says, â€Å"For a solid week after the pep rally, I’ve been painting watercolors of trees that have been hit by lightning. I try to paint them so they are nearly dead, but not totally. She is upset about what happened at the pep rally, so she feels like she is almost to the point of death. Melinda is able to show this through her paintings of the trees. Her expression through art is progressing at this point. When the tree is torn down in front of Melinda’s house, she says, â€Å"He is killing the tree. He’ll only leave the stump. The tree is dying. There’s nothing to do or say. We watch in silence as the tree crashes piece by piece to the damp ground. † Melinda feels that she can identify with the tree, and she feels sad that it must die. She is also scared that the tree representing her will fall and crash onto the ground like this tree. Throughout the novel, Melinda strives to draw the tree that represents herself and her emotions, at the same time mending the scars that Andy Evans has caused. By the end of the novel, Melinda finds a way to begin again and bring the tree to life. She says, â€Å"My tree is definitely breathing; little shallow breaths like it just shot up through the ground this morning. The new growth is the best part. † The picture of the tree becomes a picture of Melinda by the end of the story. In the last scene of the novel, Melinda is finally able to overcome her emotions about the night she was raped and paint the tree. She says, â€Å"I look at my homely sketch. It doesn’t need anything. Even through the river in my eyes I can see that. It isn’t perfect and that makes it just right. † She comes to realize at this point the significance of the tree she has been determined to represent properly throughout the story and that it was meant to be a portrait of her and her healing, not a tree at all. The symbolism of the tree adds a new depth to the story.

To Believe or Not to Believe, Modern Urban Legends

To Believe or Not To Believe Modern Urban Legends Many people have heard the tale of the dotty grandmother who tried to dry off her damp poodle by placing it in the microwave oven. The dog exploded, sad to say the least , and Grandma has never been quite the same since. The story is not true; it is an urban legend, circulating by word of mouth since the 1970s (Brunvand, 108). Urban legends are popular stories alleged to be true and transmitted from person to person by oral or written communication. Legends tend to arise spontaneously and are rarely traceable to a single point of origin. They spread primarily from individual to individual through various communication, and only in atypical cases through mass media or other†¦show more content†¦Anyone can brush off a story from a complete stranger, but it is harder to ignore someone who is trusted. Why would they lie? In many cases, this trust runs so deep that a person will insist that an urban legend actually occurred, even when confronted with evidence to the contrary. M ost people do not investigate every piece of information they hear. As humans they need to trust people for their own comfort. Psychologically, we need to trust people...and if you trust somebody, youll believe almost anything that person tells you (Harris, 4). Some people find particular urban legends believable because they help to substantiate their personal worldview. Humans are prone to accepting stories that do not directly contradict their personal experiences as being true because they have an underlying need to increase their understanding of the world. In the areas where formal methods of information have been lacking, people rely on informal methods like oral stories to educate them about the world. Legends are also more likely to be believed if they are heard from an authoritative source. (Harris, 4) The reason for this is once again due to a trust between the reader and the source. People generally believe the stories they read in a newspaper or magazine because they tr ust the credibility. An example that surfaces year after year is the persistence of Halloween stories. There are noShow MoreRelated To Believe or Not to Believe, Modern Urban Legends Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pages To Believe or Not To Believe Modern Urban Legends nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Many people have heard the tale of the dotty grandmother who tried to dry off her damp poodle by placing it in the microwave oven. The dog exploded, sad to say the least , and Grandma has never been quite the same since. The story is not true; it is an urban legend, circulating by word of mouth since the 1970s (Brunvand, 108). Urban legends are popular stories alleged to be true and transmitted from person to personRead More The Impact of Urban Legends Throughout History and Around the World1737 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact of Urban Legends Throughout History and Around the World Urban legends have always intrigued me. I am unsure if it is the scare factor that intrigues me, the way in which some of them are told, or some of the lessons that are supposed to be taken from them but one thing I know for sure is that I do not stand alone in this belief. In fact urban legends are told all over the world, even in countries that many have never heard of before. Many people of all backgrounds find them toRead MoreUrban Legends Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesJordan Groll American Society: Urban Legends in the Classroom What is it about America that causes students and people to crave an education? Could it be the intense pressures of society, or could it even be the simple fact that we want to educate ourselves? For centuries people were fine with being un-educated and life was simple and laid back, but when John Cotton (a noted Puritan Minister) established the first public school in America, people began to eat it up. And thus wasRead MoreThe Wolves During Pre Columbian And Mesoamerican Times1677 Words   |  7 PagesAmericas before the European conquerors came had various forms of economic, social, and political organization. Some had developed large urban societies and others just practiced a simple form of life with agriculture and as hunter-gatherers. The Aztecs and Mayans were two very large civilizations in Mesoamerica (central and southern modern Mexico) who developed urban societies. In these societies, the construction of complex irrigation systems and the application of agricultu ral techniques favored theRead MoreInfluence Of Urban Legends On Various Art Forms Of 21st Century3442 Words   |  14 PagesSummer Project On ‘Influence of Urban Legends on Various Art forms Of 21st Century ’ In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Award of Degree of B.A. Hons. English - 3 Submitted By: Supervised By: Annant Gaur Dr. Smita Mishra A0706113077 Asst. Professor Amity Institute of English Studies and Research AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH India DECLARATION Date: 30.7.2014 I, Annant Gaur, student of B.A. HonsRead MoreBigfoot : An Urban Myth Or The Missing Legend Of The Human Revolution?1317 Words   |  6 PagesIs Bigfoot an urban myth or the missing legend of the human revolution? For many years, Sasquatch, or more commonly known as Bigfoot have become one of the most popular mysteries known on the face of Earth. The ape-like creature was a well-known legend in the 19th century that was described to be a large, dark hairy beast that stands approximately seven to fourteen feet tall, weighing in at more than thirty-five to a thousand pounds with features like an ape. Some scientists believe that Bigfoot isRead MoreThe Trojan War : History Not Myth1545 Words   |  7 PagesSam Urban THEA 240-09 Professor Banerji Final First Draft The Trojan War, History not Myth The Trojan War is described as one of histories most legendary battles. This battle is told to have lasted ten years, resulting in the eventual collapse of Troy, under the siege of Greek forces. Modern knowledge of the Trojan War has survived mainly through the account given in Homer’s Illiad, and while having proved to be a rich source of inspiration for other writers, artists, and even filmmakers in recentRead MoreCan Teens Withstand Media s Influence Of Substances?1174 Words   |  5 PagesErikson states in the teenage developments it’s a fight between identity and role confusion , society conditions the mind of a teenager and causes chaos between identity and their roles. In this essay it will be proven that in the case of teenagers, modern day society portrays ideologies of substance abuse through media, the economy and gender. According to Oxford substance abuse is the â€Å"overindulgence in or dependence on an addictive substance, especially alcohol or drugs.† An example of substanceRead More Cannibalism Essay examples714 Words   |  3 PagesAfrica, since these were the primary continents subjected to European killing and conquest sprees from the Middle Ages through modern times. Despite what anyone says, there are documented examples of cannibalistic cultures and practices. It was usually a spiritual ritual. In some cases, the bodies of enemies were consumed in order to absorb the enemies strength. Believe it or not were all descended from cannibals. Recent genetic studies revealed that almost all humans have genes designed to provideRead MoreCollective Behavior Theories1765 Words   |  8 Pagestemporarily insane within a crowd and then return to normal when they leave the situation. The contagion refers to a rapidly spreading infection. People become engaged in collective behavior and the p ath of activity spreads over a certain area. The first modern theory of collective behavior used contagion to describe how the behavior spread from person to person like some kind of disease or infection. LeBon thought that crowds changed people. He believed â€Å"members of the crowd are reduced to the level of

Symptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia - 1058 Words

Schizophrenia is defined as â€Å"a brain disorder that affects the way a person behaves, thinks, and sees the world.†(Melinda Smith, Jeanne Segal). Schizophrenia is treatable but incurable, and is present in one percent of the general population. Some people with schizophrenia can function normally without the help of medicines, while others must rely on medications. The disorder can also get so severe that an individual may need to be hospitalized or worse. The measures needed to treat schizophrenia depend on the severity of the disorder to the sufferer. Schizophrenia is a common, treatable disorder that affects the thought process, behavior, and quality of life of the individual who has it. Schizophrenia comes with many symptoms with different levels of severity. One of these symptoms is hallucination, or sensing something that isn’t actually happening. The most common form of hallucination in schizophrenics is hearing voices in their heads. There can be one voice talking to the person or there can be many voices talking to the person and/or each other. Other hallucinations such as seeing things, smelling things, and hearing things that aren’t actually there are also present in some schizophrenics. For example, a young girl named Jani suffers from schizophrenia and when she was asked about it in an interview with Oprah, she described â€Å"her imaginary world [Calalini] and her secret language† (Oprah: Understanding child Schizophrenia Video). Some schizophrenics areShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia Essay937 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Per MentalHelp.net, schizophrenia is rare with approximately one-percent of the worldwide population and 1.2 percent of the population of the United States suffering from the disease as of 2009. Accurate statistics are difficult to obtain because many sufferers do not seek help. Symptoms typically – but not always – present in teen years with different peak times for females and males. Females have two peak times of vulnerability – mid- to late twenties and again around 40 – whereasRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1108 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia What is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought, cognitive impairment, and mood symptoms. Hallucinations may include hearing voices (auditory hallucinations) or seeing people (visual hallucinations) that are not actually present. Patient also often have â€Å"negative† findings such as decreased energy, flat affect, and a lack of interest. These symptoms must typically be present for at least 6 months andRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1060 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Schizophrenia is a well-known emotional and mental disorder that causes hallucinations, and paranoid and delusional behaviour (Hoffer, 2004). In contrast to many other diseases, schizophrenia is mostly due to genetics and influenced by the environment. People who suffer from this disorder usually cannot differentiate from the imaginative world from the real one. Schizophrenia is often a result of stress and develops gradually (DeLisi, 2011). It is therefore, essential to start earlyRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1238 Words   |  5 Pagesdiagnosed with them. Although there are many neurological diseases, schizophrenia is one of them. Schizophrenia is one of the more known disorders in the psychological world. Throughout this paper the following questions are answered: what is schizophrenia, what are the causes of schizophrenia, what are some of the types of schizophrenia, and what are the treatment options for those who are diagnosed with schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a disabling disorder and is chronic and severe to those thatRead MoreSymptoms And Treatments Of Schizophrenia1205 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia Roughly 2.5 Million Americans have been diagnosed with a chronical brain disorder known as Schizophrenia. Most people believe schizophrenia causes people to have split personalities, but that’s not the case. The illness called Schizophrenia causes a person to hallucinate, hear voices that others can’t hear, make people believe that they are being watched, and the belief somebody is out to harm them. (Mental Health America 2015) In this paper I will write about the prevalence, whatRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1011 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental disorder that consists of hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and thought. â€Å"Schizo† if Greek for Split while â€Å"phrene† means mind; schizophrenia literally translates to split mind (Burton, 2012). Why is schizophrenia considered to be split minded? According to Khouzam, 2012 split mind is used to describe the disruption within the thought process Schizophrenia i s a mental disorder that has subcategories that include paranoia, catatonia, disorganized, residual andRead MoreSymptoms, And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1413 Words   |  6 PagesOverview, Symptoms, and Treatment for Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that is affecting people’s lives every day. There isn’t a cure for this disorder and it is lifelong. Schizophrenia can affect a person’s thoughts, emotions, and actions. People with this disorder can have a hard time figuring out what is real and what isn’t real. A common side effect to schizophrenia is hallucinations and delusions. Another common side effect is social withdrawal, which means that they avoid socialRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia843 Words   |  4 PagesPeople who suffered from schizophrenia were once mistaken to be â€Å"dangerous† and untreatable. For this reason, they were often institutionalized and removed from society (DiRocco). The causes of this mental psychotic disorder has been much more understood over the past decade resulting in the possibility for people with schizophrenia to live more average lives. Development of treatments, such as medication and various forms of psychotherapies, have been effective in treating symptoms and common comorbidRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1476 Words   |  6 Pages Schizophrenia, paranoid type was researched in terms of diagnostic criteria based on many different actions that affect people in multiple ways. Schizophrenia is a disease in the brain that is an emotionally draining illness that can affect the victim along with anyone in contact with the victim. RB a young man has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, paranoid type. He lives at home with a loving family and he was always socially active and great student. Schizophrenia has been a severely stigmatized disorderRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1545 Words   |  7 PagesSchizophrenia, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), is a psychotic disorder that is characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behaviour, and other symptoms that cause social or occupational dysfu nction (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). The symptoms of schizophrenia invade every aspect of a person: the way someone thinks, feels, and behaves; which implicates their interpersonal and working relationships. Individuals suffering

Early childhood education programs

Questions: 1. Summarise your personal philosophy about Early Childhood Education and Care.Explain how your personal view of the child and you as educator will impact on the curriculum and learning environment that you will provide for children 2. Design a curriculum planning format that you could use for a group of children.Include opportunity for input from the child, family and other educators. 3. Gather sources of information to assist in developing or adapting a curriculum and inclusive environment to support children with a barrier to learning Aanswers: 1. Personal Philosophy Statement Every child has a right to education and the right to pursue his/her interests. I believe an early childhood educator (ECE) has the duty to make sure that young children experience positive learning experiences. My philosophy draws inspiration from Reggio Emilio viewpoint that children have to have an active role in choosing their own learning techniques (Hewett, 2001). Hence my philosophy will elaborate on four elements that I feel are necessary to enhance children learning experience. These three aspects include: setting goals for children, focusing on children needs, and observing children rights. Setting Goals for Children I believe that setting goals for children provide them with immense opportunities for growth and achievement. McLeod and Bleile, (2004) elucidate that setting goals for children gives them a sense of purpose thus giving them the opportunity to discover themselves and develop the need to attain educational goals all through their lives. Educators have the responsibility of encouraging and helping children establish attainable and knowledge oriented objectives. As an educator, I seek to provide an efficient and competent early childhood learning environment that promotes both short and long term goal setting for young kids. When goal setting for children integrates into the education curriculum, children will have opportunities to become active decision makers in matters relating to their future educational prospects. Focusing on Children Needs Each and every child is unique and endowed with a particular set of skills. I have faith in the idea that as an educator I am capable of identifying the needs of children which puts me in a better position to plan a teaching curriculum that incorporates a variety of children needs regardless of their cultural, spiritual, or economic backgrounds. Some kids face complicated brain-based disorders for instance attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and attention deficit disorder (ADD) which makes it difficult for facilitators to constrain their natural responses (Dale, 2008)? Apart from this, different children have different learning abilities, and it is up to educators to identify those with special learning needs. Educators also have the responsibility of engaging and consulting parents so that they are in a better position to deal with children with special needs. I would strive to develop service curriculum appropriate to each and every childs abilities or needs. Encouraging Children Participation In my experience as an instructor, I have come to learn that early childhood education rarely provides children with the right to taking part in decision making. I believe that participation plays a crucial role in helping kids boost their sense of self-confidence and security. Based on the Reggio Emilio approach, the school represents as a system in which the questions, thoughts, and reactions of each child are equally valued (Wien, 2015). Developing a program around participation fosters internal motivation and inspires the desire to learn. Given the opportunity to participate, pupils generate ideas much better than, I might have imagined or created myself. I have realized that an ECE hugely influences the erudition experience of young kids. Through empowering children to have an active role in the learning process, I seek to provide developmentally appropriate and innovative experiences that will leave a lasting impression on the lives of children in my care. 2.Curriculum Approaches As early childhood instructors, we all have our approaches to teaching. Our teaching method is developed from various resources and includes information from early childhood philosophers. In preparation for the development and implementation of an early childhood learning curriculum, an analysis of three previous education curriculums takes precedence. The three examples of pedagogical approaches include the Reggio Emilio Approach, the Montessori Method, and the High/Scope Approach. Montessori curriculum plan for Willow Oak Elementary school Activity Daily routine Students get to know one another and tutor encourages courtesy lessons. Here, children demonstrate courtesy and grace for one another Practical engagement where student gather around in a circle and sing songs that encourage learning each other names. Tutor also discusses rules for circle time for example raising, walking around and politely listening to another. Students also demonstrate art work. Tutor also introduces group snack sessions. Introduce new ideas and activities to perform during the circle session. Teacher indulges and involves students in rules about sharing materials and discipline while undertaking different tasks together. Tutor takes out a camera and records how children interact with one another while undertaking group activities. Involves gathering materials for the lesson and tutor guides children in how to make use of the classroom resources. Analysis The Montessori style of education created by Dr. Montessori is a child-oriented educational method founded on scientific observations of youngsters from birth to adulthood. Dr. Montessoris approach has over time being verified, with over 100 years of achievement in different cultures all over the world. Based on the Montessori approach, the teacher prepares the classroom in a manner that encourages a sense of order, independence, and freedom without limits (Giovannini, 2000). 1. How the Willow Oak Montessori curriculum reflects on my personal standpoint of the child and educators. The Willow Oak Montessori approach reflects my personal philosophy regarding child education in the sense that it elaborates on the essence of providing children with an environment where they can prosper. This environmental attribute conforms to one of my reflective elements that involve encouraging kids participation by offering a learning environment that promotes the desire to learn. 2. How individual and group strengths, interests and goals in conjunction with the Frameworks Learning Outcomes are planned for The Willow Oak Montessori Method caters for group strengths by organizing children in multiage groups where older children take a leadership role and reinforce learning by teaching younger children conceptions they have already grasped (Cossentino, 2005). A Montessori class consists of learners whose ages frequently span three years. For children who form groups, they have to stay with the class and educator for the entire learning cycle, forging meaningful bonds. Its through multiage groupings that students get to learn and adapt to working in teams which in turn help them to pursue their individual goals and interests. Using the hands-on approach, the Montessori teacher also plays a crucial role in helping students endeavors to reach their targets by creatively preparing a classroom environment with learning resources that entice students to learn (Sobe, 2004). 3. How the curriculum planning format records each childs participation in the program and the opportunity for children and family to comment on and provide feedback about the curriculum. How families and children can actively contribute to future planning in order to support the learning, development and interests of the children. In the Willow Oak Montessori education curriculum, teachers through general observation of children during work and play and their interactions with other kids and record each childs contribution. Families may actively contribute to the Montessori learning program by taking up the role fundraising event volunteers, class representatives, and class trip chaperones. Parents may access the Montessori learning curriculum at the Montessori Institute, a non-profit institute established with the intention of stimulating quality learning and availing academic materials and information to teachers and parents (Elkind, 2003). 4. How the program format is accessible, flexible, easy to use and interpret by staff and families. The institute tries to pass on particular information and methods representing optimal learning while instilling understanding and respect for youngsters and their development which ultimately gives adults the spontaneity and flexibility needed to meet the specific needs of children. 5. How documented assessment and critical reflection and evaluation by educators is included. Does it include what children know, say and can do? Is there evidence that shows how this assessment/evaluation leads to future curriculum decision making that extends childrens learning? Documentation of a childs experiences, done on program reflection journal helps educators and parents in evaluating a childs learning development thus pointing out areas where improvement may be necessary. The High/Scope Approach HighScope is an excellence method of childhood education and care which has been designed and developed by exploration over a forty year period. The HighScope central assumption is that youngsters develop their learning by actively engaging in effective learning using materials, ideas, and people. Example of a daily curriculum plan for Alderwood Early childhood Centre Activity Daily routine Greeting Time Children enter the classroom and are each told to pick a symbol from two distinct categories of color symbols. Involves two teachers who separate the children in two groups based on the chosen color symbols and each teacher introduces children from their group. Planning time Teacher divides students into groups and introduces students to the concept of sharing materials. Teacher asks students to hold hands as the groups moves around pretending to be a train Work time Teacher informs children its work time and takes out a variety of toys that encourage active learning. Teachers also empathize with children with learning difficulties and encourage them on. Cleaning time Teachers work with children and help them in cleaning up on the materials used during work time. Other ideas Tutors along with students explore outdoor activities. Tutors converse with children about their families using open-ended questions. Teachers hand daily routine guidance books to take home. Analysis 1. How the format reflects or does not reflect your view of the child and educator The use of materials contradicts my personal philosophy in the sense that I believe in setting goals for children and helping them achieve them while the HighScope approach assumes that provided with the right learning materials children find their targets. 2. How individual and group strengths, interests and goals in conjunction with the Frameworks Learning Outcomes are planned for. This method addresses the interests and goals of children using the constructivist theory which explains that we learn by physically and mentally interacting with the environment. The HighScope approach is more of a learning technique than a teaching system 3. How the curriculum planning format records each childs participation in the program and the opportunity for children and family to comment on and provide feedback about the curriculum. How families and children can actively contribute to future planning in order to support the learning, development and interests of the children. Daily observation of kids experiences is done using key development indicators (KDIs) as a vital part of planning, schooling, and learning. The HighScope approach may limit a childs ability to give feedback on their learning experience since it focuses on active learning. Teachers may inform parents about their daily observation results through observation boards. Parents, on the other hand, communicate with teachers using emails. 4.How the program format is accessible, flexible, easy to use and interpret by staff and families. Families may actively participate in the HighScope learning curriculum by attending an open house where families get to view the classroom and speak with teachers. The education program is accessible to parents through welcome packets sent to new parents. 5.How documented assessment and critical reflection and evaluation by educators is included. Does it include what children know, say and can do? Is there evidence that shows how this assessment/evaluation leads to future curriculum decision making that extends childrens learning? The welcome packets orient parents with information regarding child observations, and daily routine. The documented observations and evaluation are recorded and stored in the form of KDIs. Educators record brief and precise anecdotes which later transcribed into child view files (CORs). These data may be used as a point of reference when making future decisions. Reggio Emilio Approach The Reggio Emilia Method is a learning viewpoint that views children as possessing strong capabilities for development and grows in relationships with others. Reggio Emilio principle breakdown for Parkview childrens center Principle Breakdown Childs image Each teacher believes that students possess rights to discover their won world. This principle helps teachers recognize that children are a source of inspiration and strength. Children relationships and interactions Conversations during group activities strengthen collaboration with parents. Availability of class mail boxes allows parents to leave surprise letters for children as well as teachers. Parents role Parkview children center uses an open door policy where teachers engage parents in helping children with their projects and also take part on advisory boards. Classroom environment The Parkview classroom is considered as the third teacher. Well organized shelves make easy for students to find learning materials. Documentation The Parkview child center uses daily journals in displaying completed projects. The everyday journals regarding interests and explorations of children are sent to parents via email. The children center has translators to help exchange information with families whose English is not a first language. Analysis 1. How the format reflects or does not reflect your view of the child and educator. This approach mirrors my philosophy in the sense that it advocates for teachers helping children to discover their goals thus developing their potential in the process. 2. How individual and group strengths, interests and goals in conjunction with the Frameworks Learning Outcomes are planned for. In addressing the individual and group strengths and interests of children, the Reggio Emilio curriculum technique strongly advocates for social teamwork and working in groups where every youngster is an equal participant. 3. How the curriculum planning format records each childs participation in the program and the opportunity for children and family to comment on and provide feedback about the curriculum. How families and children can actively contribute to future planning in order to support the learning, development and interests of the children. In recording each childs participation, teachers observe, inquire and carefully listen to the children. Teachers document results inform of transcripts, photographs, or visual representations such as drawings and sculptures. 4.How the program format is accessible, flexible, easy to use and interpret by staff and families. Parents can contribute to the Reggio Emilio curriculum by taking part in discussions regarding school policy or by implementing the programs philosophies even when the child is home. The Reggio Children Loris Malaguzzi Centre Foundation is a global non-profit organization that offers guidance on the Reggio Emilio Approach. 5. How documented assessment and critical reflection and evaluation by educators is included. Does it include what children know, say and can do? Is there evidence that shows how this assessment/evaluation leads to future curriculum decision making that extends childrens learning? Unlike the Montessori or HighScope learning curriculum, the Reggio-Emilio curriculum documents childrens thought since they are encouraged to explain their experiences. Documentation serves to aid the instructors in assessing their teaching practices and improving the program accordingly. Proposed curriculum planning format implemented across a five day learning period. The proposed curriculum is a philosophy designed for preschool and primary education. The pedagogical technique bases its assumption based on the views of self-expression, active learning, class arrangement, daily schedule, and assessment. Day Activities Self-expression Dynamic learning Class arrangement Daily schedule Assessment 1. Teacher asks each and every student to introduce themselves. Tutors introduce children to various learning materials. Teachers make sure that materials are arranged in such a way that students are able to find them Tutor draws up an evaluation manual based on children level of interaction Teachers observe student behavior. 2. Tutors teach students how to politely communicate with one another politely as well as communicating with parents. Children learn how to pick out learning materials and return them after use. Teachers provide learning resources to kids based on their interests. Using a presentation chart teachers inform children about activities undertaken for different time periods. Teachers performing an active role of correcting students while still surveying their behavior especially during group activities. 3. Children learn how to communicate on paper through songs and artistic displays. Children engage in group activities while using learning resources. Tutors carefully analyze each childs learning capability. Children watch an educational film and get to learn something without the teachers input. Children 4. Teachers learn more about children needs by talking to them. Children engage in practical skills such as fire drills. Tutors test children based on the skills acquired. Children go for an educational field trip. Teachers through photographs document student behavior and draw up a report of the findings. 5. Parents provide further learning end feedback on the students communication skills Children engage in outdoor learning under the guidance of a teacher. Tutors rearrange the learning environment and introduce new learning materials. Children indulge in charity work and get to learn how to empathize with others. Teachers send the report findings of student behavior to parents Parents through visits and emails provide feedback and suggest ideas to improve student behavior. Analysis Self-Expression Self-expression, a method of encouraging kids to communicate with their peers as well as teachers, forms the center of this approach in the sense that teachers use less off hands-off tutoring and more off explanatory teaching which forces students to learn how to express themselves and communicate with others. Dynamic learning The dynamic learning principle follows the assumption that kids are to an extent responsible for their learning while teachers have the responsibility of providing the necessary teaching materials interacting with and prudently observing and recording and leading individual and group student learning activities. Class arrangement This curriculums class organization encourages children to take part in educational and meaningful experiences. The classroom placement of equipment and materials upholds requirements of the daily routine thus children have an idea where to find resources. The instructor chooses the activities and materials to use based on a few deliberations: Childrens interests (for instance kindergarten kids are fascinated by art, housekeeping, or blocks. Opportunities for supporting concepts and skills and practical use of those abilities. Teachers choose materials on the basis of encouragement of active involvement, language development, and spatial relations. Daily Schedule In this curriculum, the program takes into account the developmental stages of children, integrates fifty to sixty plan-do-appraisal procedures, is as reliable all through the day and encompasses a minimum number of changes. The plan-do-appraisal plays a crucial role in this curriculum as it allows teachers to help children initiate plans or activities and then analyze the results of their operations. AssessmentTeachers record unusual behaviors, statements, and things that help them to comprehend a childs way of thought and learning. Teachers make use of twofold mechanisms to assist them in compile data, portfolio and important experiences note form. This curriculums observation record is further used to evaluate childrens development. 1. How the format reflects or does not reflect your view of the child and educator. My personal education advocates for the participation of children which reflects my proposed curriculum planning format which encourages self-expression among children through teaching students how to speak to one another and also to their teachers politely. 2. How individual and group strengths, interests and goals in conjunction with the Frameworks Learning Outcomes are planned for. My personal philosophy as well as curriculum planning advocate for dynamic learning which explains that children are to an extent responsible for their learning. Education reflects in the curriculum plan where teachers provide the necessary learning materials to children and watch how the use them which helps teachers in identifying each and every childs interests and skills. 3.How the curriculum planning format records each childs participation in the program and the opportunity for children and family to comment on and provide feedback about the curriculum. How parents and children can actively contribute to future planning to support the learning, development, and interests of the children. My curriculum plan assumes a daily schedule where teachers carefully observe students, and at the end of the week, teachers document their observation of the child. 4. How the program format is accessible, flexible, easy to use and interpret by staff and families. The documented findings are then sent to parents and later invitation to an open day. Here, students, parents, and teachers discuss how to improve the students learning experience. Parents are also welcome to share their suggestion through suggestion boxes and open online forums. 5. How documented assessment and critical reflection and evaluation by educators is included. Does it include what children know, say and can do? Is there evidence that shows how this assessment/evaluation leads to future curriculum decision making that extends childrens learning? Documentation of childrens behavior is a continuous process and details kids actions in a five-day period. Early literature creates room for future detailed analysis of children thus making it possible for rapid problem-solving. 3. Developing a Learning Curriculum that Incorporates Children from Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders People Due to racist policies and statute, Aboriginal peoples have continuously lacked the right to partake in many areas, precisely in education, employment, and healthcare. According to MacNaughton and Hughes, (2007) inclusion in different early childhood learning programs has significance for all children. The Educators Guide to National Quality Standards for Australia identifies cultural know-how about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples differs from the far-reaching idea of respecting cultures (Sumseon et al., 2009). Studies of previous intervention curriculums indicate that quality early childhood pedagogical approaches make a considerable difference to permanent results. The HighScope method, which offered quality education to children of underprivileged backgrounds in the U.S, has shown to improve learning results (Currie, 2001). When developing an early childhood curriculum for children from Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders people, it may be prudent to recognize th e unique position of Native Australians and the effects of exploitation and colonization and generations of disadvantage. Working with indigenous societies requires cultural competence, explained in the Early Years Learning Framework for Australians (Vinson, 2009) as requiring knowledge, skills, and attitude. The greatest education concerns regarding the schooling of Aboriginal and Torres Strait children include trying not to offend them, the opinion that political inference interferes with early childhood teaching as well as care. Contrary to this belief, existing research from the Australian Institute of Family Studies (2011) highlights the following points: There is a definite reason for non-Aboriginal educators to have knowledge of how to make use of the school program in engaging and supporting children from the Aboriginal culture. When working with native Australians, a focus on enablement and working with others makes a difference. Education has been transforming into a comprehensive system that accommodates Aboriginals with some teachers being uninformed of the change (Neegan, 2005). These strategies ensure that Aboriginal children get integrated into the classroom. Respect Having high prospects for Aboriginal learners and honoring their beliefs and language (Battiste, 2002). Love Demonstrating our faith that Aboriginal students can and will prosper through our commitment to their learning styles (Castagno, 2008). Truth Developing quantifiable results for Aboriginal pupil success and utilizing them as significant indicators of the inclusive of a pedagogy approach (Aikenhead, 2001) References Giovannini, J., 2000. The Montessori Method.Architecture,89(6), pp.116-121. Cox, M.V. and Rowlands, A., 2000. The effect of three different educational approaches on children's drawing ability: Steiner, Montessori and traditional.British Journal of Educational Psychology,70(4), pp.485-503. Cossentino, J., 2005. Ritualizing expertise: A non-Montessorian view of the Montessori method.American Journal of Education,111(2), pp.211-244. Sobe, N.W., 2004. 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